Edward III, byname Edward of Windsor king of England from 1327 to 1377, who led England into the Hundred Years’ War with France. The descendants of his seven sons and five daughters contested the throne for generations, climaxing in the Wars of the Roses (1455–85).

Prince is “Edward The Black Prince, also called Edward Of Woodstock, Prince D’aquitaine, Prince Of Wales, Duke Of Cornwall, Earl Of Chester, (born June 15, 1330, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, Eng.—died June 8, 1376

Richard II, (born January 6, 1367, Bordeaux [France]—died February 1400, Pontefract, Yorkshire [now in West Yorkshire], England), king of England from 1377 to 1399. An ambitious ruler with a lofty conception of the royal office, he was deposed by his cousin Henry Bolingbroke (Henry IV)

William I, also known as William the Conqueror, William, the Bastard or William of Normandy, French terms Guillaume le Conquérant or Guillaume le Bâtard or Guillaume de Normandie, (born c. 1028, Falaise, Normandy now France, died September 9, 1087, Normandy), duke of Normandy (as William II) from 1035 and King of England as William I from 1066, will go on record as the most outstanding King and ruler of the Middle Ages and beyond. He made himself the mightiest nobleman in France and then changed the course of England’s history by conquering the country.

William II (Rufus), named for his brown, reddish ruddy complexion, byname French Guillaume Le Roux, (born c. 1056—died August 2, 1100, Hampshire, England, son of William I the Conqueror, King of England from 1087 – 1100; he was also duke of Normandy (as William III) from 1096 – 1100. He prevented the dissolution of political ties between England and Normandy. His strong-armed rule earned him a reputation as a brutal, corrupt tyrant. Under feudal custom, William I bequeathed his inheritance, the Duchy of Normandy, to his eldest son, Robert II Curthose and England was given to Rufus.

Henry I (c. 1068 – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 until he died in 1135. Henry, the fourth son of William the Conqueror, was educated in liberal arts and Latin.

Stephen, also called Stephen Of Blois, (born c. 1097—died Oct. 25, 1154, Dover, Kent, Eng.), king of England from 1135 to 1154. He gained the throne by usurpation but failed to consolidate his power during the ensuing civil strife.

Æthelred was king of Mercia from 675 until 704. He was the son of Anglo-Saxon King Penda of Mercia and came to the throne in c. 675, when his brother, Wulfhere of Mercia, died from an unknown illness.

King Offa (died 29 July 796 AD) was King of Mercia, a kingdom of the Anglo-Saxons, England, from 757 until his death. The son of Prince Thingfrith and a descendant of Eowa, the noble line of Kings. Offa came to the throne after a civil war that led to the assassination of Æthelbald. Offa defeated the other claimant, King Beornred. In the early years of Offa’s rulership, he likely consolidated his control of the Midlands, taking advantage of the instability in Kent’s kingdom to establish himself as overlord.

Cynethryth is associated with her husband in charters and is said to have been a patron of Chertsey Abbey. When elevating Higbert's Bishopric of Lichfield to an Archbishopric, Pope Adrian I wrote to Offa and Cynethryth jointly.